{"id":86343,"date":"2023-05-06T17:31:27","date_gmt":"2023-05-06T14:31:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=86343"},"modified":"2025-08-04T10:44:20","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T07:44:20","slug":"key-performance-indicators-input-intervening-and-output-variables","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/key-performance-indicators-input-intervening-and-output-variables\/","title":{"rendered":"Key Performance Indicators \u2013 Input, Intervening and Output Variables"},"content":{"rendered":"

Phil Budgell<\/strong>
\nSheffield, UK<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/voc23-211keyp<\/a><\/p>\n

Abstract.<\/strong> In this article, the author argues for an open and transparent use of data that already exists but is not collected, collated and analysed within the education system in Bulgaria. This data needs to become Key Performance Indicators that will drive up:
\n\u2013 the Quality of Education; and
\n\u2013 the Standards of Achievement.
\nThe author focusses on the relationship between:
\n\u2013 Input Variables (Prior Attainment and Delegated Financial Resources);
\n\u2013 Intervening Variables (Patterns of Expenditure) and
\n\u2013 Output Variable (Attendance, Standards of Attainment and Post-school Participation).
\nWith one exception, real data is collated, analysed and presented using a range of algebraic and graphical approaches.
\nFinally, the author concludes that with greater subsidiarity (i.e., greater delegation of responsibility, authority and accountability); the greater the need for reliable and valid assessment data to hold the education system to account at school, regional and national level.
\nKeywords:<\/em> education system; Bulgaria; key performance indicators; variables; input; output; intervening<\/p>\nLog in to read the full text<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Phil Budgell Sheffield, UK https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/voc23-211keyp Abstract. In this article, the author argues for an open and transparent use of data that already exists but is not collected, collated and analysed within the education system in Bulgaria. This data needs to become Key Performance Indicators that will drive up: \u2013 the Quality of Education; and \u2013 […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423426818,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"bottom","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"0","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"0","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"3","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nKey Performance Indicators \u2013 Input, Intervening and Output Variables - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bel.azbuki.bg\/uncategorized\/key-performance-indicators-input-intervening-and-output-variables\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Key Performance Indicators \u2013 Input, Intervening and Output Variables - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Phil Budgell Sheffield, UK https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/voc23-211keyp Abstract. In this article, the author argues for an open and transparent use of data that already exists but is not collected, collated and analysed within the education system in Bulgaria. 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